EGF GENERAL TOURNAMENT RULES

RULESETS APPLICABLE TO ALL TOURNAMENTS
1. General These are the general tournament rules of the European Go Federation (EGF) and are used in the tournaments of the EGF. The following rulesets apply:
  1. These General Tournament Rules.
  2. The Tournament System Rules of the EGF.
  3. The event's own Particular Tournament Rules specifying details or variations to the General Tournament Rules.
  4. One of the following rules of play:
    1. Area Scoring with Ing playing material Ing Rules with 8 komi for even games and Ing fill-in counting. Black wins ties.
    2. Area Scoring with Japanese playing material Ing Rules with 7.5 komi for even games and Japanese fill-in counting. When passing, a player gives one stone to the opponent as a prisoner. White makes the last pass to end the alternation.
    3. Territory Scoring Verbal European-Japanese Rules with 6.5 komi for even games and Japanese fill-in counting. White wins ties in handicap games with integer komi. Arbitration decides interpretation disagreements.
2. Rules of play - default versus variation The stated rules of play and their parameters are the default. A tournament's Particular Tournament Rules, specialized tournaments, or lower boards might use handicaps or different rules of play or komi.
3. Particular tournament rules A tournament's Particular Tournament Rules declare whether Area Scoring or Territory Scoring is used, the actually used tournament system, the time limits, the registration procedure, interpretation of ranks, usage of forms, handicap stone placement, and any other specific tournament conditions.
4. Validity In this text, "tournament" refers to either a single tournament, a tournament that is part of a series of tournaments, a match, or a tournament or match that is part of a greater event like the European Go Congress. The rulesets apply to every tournament or event under the EGF's auspices.
5. Order of priority The following list orders rulesets and other criteria, starting with the highest, overriding priority:
  1. changes to a ruleset made by the EGF (in order: EGF annual general meeting, EGF committee, EGF rules commission, the tournament's tournament supervisors)
  2. these General Tournament Rules of the EGF
  3. the Tournament System Rules of the EGF
  4. the tournament's Particular Tournament Rules
  5. the Rules of Play
  6. filling of gaps in the rulesets, declared by the EGF (in order: EGF bodies as above, the event's, the tournament's organization)
  7. the predominating view of earlier arbitration decisions, especially of higher instances
  8. sportsmanship
  9. the players' intentions
6. Non-EGF tournaments These General Tournament Rules may be used also in non-EGF tournaments. In this case, Particular Tournament Rules are set by the organisation in charge of the tournament, precede these General Tournament Rules in the order of priority, or might use other rules of play.
GAME PROTOCOL
The following rules apply to the progress of the game:
1. Move A move is either a play or a pass.
2. Making a move A stone is played quickly as near as possible to its intended intersection. Once the stone touches the board, there should be minimal physical movement required to place the stone on its intended intersection, and then it should be released straightaway. Once the stone is played, any removal of the opponent's stones is carried out. A move is completed by pressing the clock with the same hand that played the move. Once the clock is pressed, the hand used must promptly be removed from the clock.
3. Prisoners Prisoners and overtime stones must remain clearly visible to the opponent at all times, even if Area Scoring is used.
4. Alternation All moves, including dame and teire, must be played in alternation with the clock running.
5. Resignation A player may resign the game by clearly saying "I resign", or by placing two stones simultaneously on the board.
6. Komi Komi is added during scoring.
7. Nigiri If nigiri is used, the older player takes an unseen number of white stones from the bowl. The opponent takes one or two black stones from the bowl to guess the parity, and the white stones are then revealed. If the parity is correctly guessed, the opponent takes black, otherwise the older player takes black.
PLAYER AND SPECTATOR BEHAVIOUR
The following rules govern the behaviour of players and spectators:
1. Rules common to players and spectators
  1. Tournament rules and officials All persons must abide by the rules of the tournament and the requirements of the tournament officials.
  2. Silence All persons in or near a playing room must be quiet. Mobile phones must be switched off.
2. Player behaviour
  1. Top groups By default, players in the top groups of a tournament must play all rounds. In a McMahon tournament the top groups include any supergroups, the group above the bar, and the group just below the bar. A player starting in a top group may skip a round only in exceptional circumstances like a serious a medical problem proven by a doctor's certificate or a family member's decease.
    Other players must abide by the procedure published for the tournament in order to skip any rounds.
    Players are sanctioned for skipping rounds unduly.
  2. Sportsmanship Application of the rules takes priority, but if even after careful consideration they turn out to be insufficient, then the players' behaviour should still express a spirit of mutual respect and fairness while each player seriously strives for winning his games.
  3. Disturbance A player may not disturb others by making noise with stones, commenting on moves, improper making of moves, bad body language, nor placing distracting items on the table.
  4. Study aids During their game or its adjournment, players may not study the game on another board or use any material or machines for study purposes. Players may not seek advice from third parties, but may consult referees regarding rules.
  5. Recording If a recording medium of any kind is used, the move must be completed before it is recorded.
3. Spectator behaviour
  1. Communication Spectators must not influence a game by any means including audible comments, body language, or touching any part of the playing equipment.
  2. Crowding Spectators must not crowd too closely around a game in progress.
  3. Infringement If a spectator notices an infringement of the rules, then the matter can be brought to the attention of a referee, but on no account should the spectator inform the players directly.
IRREGULARITIES
This section lists the rules covering common irregularities. Any situations not listed here must be discussed with the referee.
1. Colour or handicap error If players start a game with the wrong colour or handicap, and this is noticed before the third move is completed, then the game must be restarted. If the error is noticed later, then the game continues and the pairing is modified to reflect the actual colours or handicap used.
2. Ambiguous stone placement If the position of a stone just played is unclear, then a player may request that the opponent positions the stone unambiguously.
3. Illegal move If a player makes an illegal move, and if this is noticed within three moves, then the game should be unwound to the move just before the illegal move, and continued. The referee may allow an adjustment of the time.
4. Position disturbance If the position is disturbed accidently, or if a position was recorded incorrectly during an adjournment, and the players cannot simply correct it, then the referee can apply the following procedures, in order:
  1. correct the position.
  2. continue with the position as is.
  3. unwind the game to a previous agreed position.
  4. award a loss to the player who disturbed the position.
  5. cancel the game and start afresh with possibly reduced time limits.
5. Hindrance A player persistently breaking the rules with irregular play is considered to hinder the opponent, and may be sanctioned by the referee.
6. Timing error Players may agree to reset an incorrectly set clock before the game has started. They may not, however, restart a correctly running clock started by an official.
  Once the game has started, any apparent non-trivial mistakes in the recorded elapsed time can only be corrected by the referee.
  
  A clock found to be malfunctioning is replaced and set by the referee. If an analogue clock does not show a time excess immediately, then this is replaced by interpreting what should have been the clock's correct indication.
TIMING RULES
Management of time is governed by the following rules:
1. Start The referee may decide on which side of the board the clock is placed. If no decision is required, then White, else Black may choose where to place the clock.
  At a time determined by the tournament director, Black's clock is started either by the referee or by the players themselves. In special circumstances, the referee may start clocks on some boards at a different time.
  If a player is late 60 minutes or more, he loses his game.
2. Canadian overtime By default, the Canadian Overtime system is used when a player's main time has expired - the player has to complete a given number of moves in a specified period of time set on the clock. When all the moves have been made, the clock is reset for the next overtime period.
  At the start of each overtime period, the required number of overtime stones are taken from the bowl and placed on the table clearly visible to the opponent. During this process, the opponent resets the clock if this needs to be done manually.
  A player in overtime uses the overtime stones for each play, and not stones from the bowl. A pass consists of returning an overtime stone to the bowl and then pressing the clock.
3. Other overtime systems Where Japanese Byoyomi is used together with a timekeeper, a timepiece is set to the byoyomi time. The timekeeper counts down the last 10 seconds, and a move must be completed within the byoyomi time period.
  Where Japanese Byoyomi is used together with a digital clock, a move must be completed within the byoyomi time period.
  
  In Ing Overtime, each player may buy up to three overtime periods. The length of each is 1/6 the basic time. Entering each costs another 2 points. Exceeding the third overtime period loses the game on time.
  Finite thinking time does not use any overtime.
4. Loss on time If there is no overtime, a player loses on time if the current move is not completed before the basic time expires. If there is overtime, the player loses on time if not all of the given number of overtime stones are played in the prescribed overtime period.
  The timing procedure for removing three or more stones in neutralised time is:
  1. A player places the stone.
  2. The clock is now neutralised.
  3. According to the rules of play, the stones without liberty are removed.
  4. The player starts the opponent's clock.
  The timing procedure for two successive passes at the end of a game is as follows:
  1. A player passes and completes the move by pressing the clock. It is possible for the player to lose on time if the clock is not pressed.
  2. The opponent passes and completes the move by pressing the clock. Again it is possible for the opponent to lose on time if the clock is not pressed.
  3. The clock is now neutralised.
5. Finite thinking time under Territory Scoring The following applies under Territory Scoring. It is not compatible with the Ing Overtime System.
  The alternation consists of the competitive phase followed by the neutral phase. During the competitive phase, one or both players moving next can make a play to improve the score or to fill a basic endgame ko. During the neutral phase, neither player can do so because only dame and teire, if any, are left.
  
  If the first two successive passes occur prematurely during the competitive phase, then the clock is neutralised, each player's time is set to exactly 1 minute, and the clock is restarted for resumed alternation.
  
  Until two successive passes during the neutral phase, every legal play is considered sportsmanlike.
  
  During the neutral phase, a player has to pass if his opponent has just passed. Then on neutralised time, more dame and teire may be filled quickly in continued alternation.
6. Clock neutralisation The clock may be neutralised, with both player's timepieces being stopped simulaneously, in the following circumstances:
  1. By the players, after successive passes, at the start of each status assesment phase that is not a continuation or resumption of a game's major alternating phase.
  2. By the players at the start of the counting procedure.
  3. By the players, to reset the clock or count overtime stones for the next overtime period.
  4. By a player to visit the toilet shortly before or during overtime. However a player may not abuse this right.
  5. By a player - after having placed one's stone - to remove three or more stones without liberty while in overtime or playing under finite thinking time rules.
  6. By the players to deal with a clock malfunction themselves, or to call the referee to deal with the clock. The players may not increase their time limits.
  7. By a player at the start of a formal adjournment.
  8. By a player to fetch a sealing form for an adjournment.
  9. By a player to complete a sealing form.
  10. By a player to call an absent referee after informing the opponent.
  11. By the referee at the start of arbitration or rule clarification.
  12. During an urgent announcement on behalf of the tournament director.
ADJOURNMENT
In some tournaments, a game may be adjourned. Following are the rules governing adjournment where required:
1. Start At the start of the tournament,.the tournament director publishes a list of possible times for adjournment and its maximal duration. At the beginning of a move, a player may adjourn a game by stating that the move is to be sealed. A referee may supervise the process.
2. Sealing a move The player may "seal" the move by playing the move and neutralising the clock, or the player may fill in a sealing form. If a sealing form is used, then the procedure to be followed is:
  1. The opponent should begin filling in the form while the player is thinking about the move to seal.
  2. Once the player has decided on the move, the clock is neutralised.
  3. The players then promptly complete the sealing form data.
  4. Without delay, the player clearly marks the move on the form so that the opponent cannot see its location.
  5. The player seals the form in an envelope.
  6. The players record the board number, pairing, and time of resumption on the envelope.
  7. Both players depart from the room, depositing the envelope as required by the tournament organizers.
3. Resumption At the time of resumption, the players enter their playing room, use 1 minute to verify the position and times, execute the sealing move if a sealing form is used, and start the opponent's clock.
ARBITRATION
1. General The arbitration procedure used to resolve disputes has three levels of operation: the referee, the appeals committee, and the EGF rules commission. A player with a dispute refers the matter to the referee in the first instance. The dispute may then be referred to the next level up if either player is not satisfied with the judgement or its reasoning. The next level may reject to resume a case if it considers the preceding instance's judgement and reasoning obviously right and just.
  Every effort must be made to discuss and resolve the dispute in a separate room, or at least away from players still busy with their games.
  
  Decision making considers the involved persons' point of views. Witnesses may be called.
  
  Any decision made regarding a dispute at any level must be explained in clear language and carefully justified.
  
  Decisions are made impartially. In particular, no attempt should be made to use positional judgement in reaching a decision, although also the scoring rules are to be applied correctly.
  
  In any particular dispute, a player may not also be a member of the body discussing the dispute. No person can be involved as an arbiter at more than one level in the same dispute.
2. Referee Referees are required to abide by the following rules:
  The function of the referee is to inform players about the rules valid for the tournament, to apply the rules, and to enforce them.
  
  Players can ask to be shown the rules or be explained a digital clock, and in the first instance a referee attempts to mediate or to simply clarify the rules. If this resolves the dispute, no judgement is made and the matter is ended.
3. Player responsibility In the event of a dispute, the player has the following responsibilities:
  A player should call the referee as soon as possible, and may not delay in order to gain a favourable decision.
  If the referee decides that the game in dispute should resume, but the player still wants to appeal, then the player must inform the referee and the opponent that the game is played under protest. When signing a result form, the player must state that the game was played under protest. Failure to do so means that the player gives up the right to appeal.
4. Appeals committee If a player in dispute disagrees with a referee's decision, the the matter can be referred to the appeals committee.
  The appeals committee is formed of three persons before the start of the first round and includes reserves. If there are fewer than three at the time of a dispute, then other players must be co-opted to the committee to make up the number. If a committee cannot be formed, then a game in dispute may be adjourned.
  
  If it cannot meet in time before the tournament's next round, then only the present member or members of the appeals committee arbitrate. For only the purpose of making a next round's pairings, the appeals committee's decision is final.
5. EGF rules commission If a player in dispute disagrees with the decision of the appeals committee, the matter must be referred to the EGF rules commission for consideration after the end of the tournament. If the dispute affects titles or prizes, the tournament director cannot declare winners or present prizes until the EGF rules commission has given a final judgement on the matter
SANCTIONS
A player's or spectator's rules violations may incur a sanction. A sanction is a last resort, and referees are required to carefully consider whether the fault lies in a weakness of the tournament organisation, obscurity in the rules, or in the player or spectator concerned. Therefore referees must be very cautious before imposing judgements of cheating or unsportmanlike behaviour. Once a sanction is deemed appropriate, it can be one of the following:
1. Advice The referee states what the correct behaviour or rule is. Thereafter players and spectators are required to respect the advice.
2. Warning A referee may issue a warning to either or both players. If a player receives two warnings in the same game, then the referee imposes the game forfeit sanction.
3. Game Forfeit The referee declares one or both players to lose the game by forfeit.
4. Other sanctions Sanctions of varying severity include: modification of time limits, removal from rounds, removal from the tournament, debarred from a supergroup in a future tournament, reduced qualification points.
OFFICIALS
The following guidelines and rules describe the general roles of officials.
1. Guidelines about bodies and their mutual relations
  1. The EGF requests a tournament and delegates its local organization to a national association or directly to the other officials being the local organizers.
  2. If the EGF has delegated a tournament to a national association , then it in turn delegates the organization to local officials for the tournament and encourages the local organization to run the tournament well.
  3. If a greater event including several tournaments is held, then this is coordinated by the event director and his assisting event organizers . They delegate organization of every particular tournament to its tournament director. The event director executes the rights as a householder at the tournament site, subject to the rights of the site's owner and unless he delegates the task.
  4. The tournament director is the head of local organization of the tournament. Tournament organizers assist him. The drawmaster , who might coincide with the tournament director, manages the pairings.
  5. The referees enforce the rules and judge disputes. They might also act as tournament organizers. At least one of the referees must be an EGF certified referee.
  6. The EGF committee or the EGF rules commission may assign tournament supervisors to a tournament, which then supervise the other officials and perform some special key organization tasks like formation of a supergroup or verification of the final result list.
2. Guidelines of organization
  1. The officials organize registration, playing site, furniture, and playing material of acceptable quality.
  2. Throughout the tournament's progress, the officials assign the players to the boards and ensure good playing conditions like light levels, temperature, noise levels, availability of pairing lists, current result lists, playing material and forms, etc. If an official records a game, this should not disturb the players.
  3. The officials ensure the rounds' start on time. Round 1 requires particular preparation.
  4. The officials publish all valid rulesets clearly and show them to a player on request.
  5. The officials make the pairings, announce the results, and submit them to the EGF ratings commission.
3. Rules
  1. The event director, the event organizers, the tournament director, and the tournament organizers abide by any tournament-related higher advice about application of rules or consequences of arbitration stated by an EGF body, the tournament supervisors, the appeals commitee, or the judging referee.
  2. In case of inappropriate tournament organization, the EGF rules commission may propose to the EGF committee sanctions on officials or the national association having held a tournament.
RULES STATUS
The status of the current and previous EGF rulesets is:
1. These EGF General Tournament Rules become valid from 2007-07-21.
2. These EGF General Tournament Rules replace the Tournament Rules of the European Go Federation, the EGF Fujitsu Grand-Prix Regulations, and the EGF Guidelines Fujitsu Grand-Prix Tournaments of August 1997.
3. Every tournament or event shall receive its own Particular Tournament Rules.